{"id":99,"date":"2021-03-19T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-19T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qi70.qodeinteractive.com\/?p=99"},"modified":"2026-07-25T15:28:55","modified_gmt":"2026-07-25T15:28:55","slug":"myself-a-novel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/allthingshoney.ca\/es\/essay\/myself-a-novel\/","title":{"rendered":"Self-Forming Actions &#038; Authorship"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"99\" class=\"elementor elementor-99\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b01d918 elementor-section-stretched qodef-elementor-content-grid elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b01d918\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9b22674 qodef-sticky-column--no\" data-id=\"9b22674\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-042f385 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"042f385\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In Responsibility, Luck, and Chance: Reflections on Free Will and Determinism Robert Kane presents what he believes is a plausible idea to save indeterminism with respect to human actions. He presents an objection to the common \u2018intuition pump\u2019 of the Luck Principle (LP) which states \u201cif an action is undetermined at time t then it&#8217;s happening rather than not happening at t would be a matter of chance or luck and so it could not be a free and responsible action\u201d (pp 299). Prima facie, these \u2018intuition pumps\u2019 lead people to think freedom and responsibility is incompatible with indeterminism. The incompatibilist&#8217;s instinct presupposes that any indeterminacy in antecedent events compromises human agency and free will with respect to the outcome of an action. By this view, both determinism and indeterminism in antecedent events would jeopardize the ultimate control of an agent\u2019s actions for any libertarian. As a solution, Kane thinks incompatibilists should not deny that when we act, we are acting from an already formed will, instead Kane thinks this formed will is \u201cour own free-will\u201d by virtue of the torn decisions we have when faced with competing options. In this paper, I will argue that self-forming actions do not negate external influences and are therefore not in the agent\u2019s control.<\/p><p>Then I will highlight the inconsistent logic present in Kane\u2019s view of SFA and other incompatibilists instinct in their assumption that luck or chance removes responsibility for an agent\u2019s action. Lastly, I will demonstrate why my theory of the God Principle (GP) better encapsulates the purpose of SFA\u2019s as a quasi-freedom that still allows for a subjective experience of control with respect to human actions. For Kane, SFA\u2019s occur at times in life when we are torn between competing visions of what we should do or become. Perhaps we are torn between doing the moral thing or acting from self-interest, or between present desires or when we are faced with a difficult task for which we have aversions (pp. 306, Kane). Since indeterminism is seen as a threat and hindrance to free-will for both Kane and other incompatibilists, he wants to demonstrate that just because something is undetermined at t does not mean that it is happening as a matter of chance or luck.<\/p><p><br \/>In response to Mele\u2019s LP and LP* objection, he uses the case of the businesswoman, angry husband, and mathematician to show that due to the parallel processing in their brains at the time an agent makes a decision, regardless of the outcome in failing or succeeding, the decision was<br \/>made intentionally and voluntarily without compulsion or coercion and therefore is a free and responsible action by virtue of the agent\u2019s efforts in this world or another possible world. In the case of the businesswoman, there is a genuine sense of freedom since her SFA (internal indeterminacy) represented by chaotic activity in the brain at the neural level seems undecided prior to her making her decision to assist the victim or not. Kane claims that this SFA is what grants us plural voluntary control (PVC) and this fundamentally makes human action free. While I agree with Kane that indeterminacy at the neural level does not mean the subsequent action is as a result of random chance in the sense that her action was a mistake or fluke, I disagree that SFA\u2019s are self-forming in the way he describes. A SFA is an expression of not only an agent\u2019s character but of contingent circumstances like genes and environment.<\/p><p>Scientifically speaking, we do not choose what traits we inherit, our level of intelligence or capacities nor do we choose the environment we are socialized in. Therefore, while we are free to want what we will, we are not free to will what we will. Take for instance Alice who has been conditioned from birth to always put others before herself because it&#8217;s the moral thing to do, not to mention that her parents and community instilled a deep psychological fear of punishment in the event she does not adhere to these principles. Agreeable and docile Alice, based on the postulates of moral responsibility and fear, chooses to help the assault victim without hesitation, as somewhat of an automatic response. While she is still responsible for her acting and helping the victim, she did not have the full capacity to do otherwise; therefore, her internal indeterminacy compelled her to action by external influences. If SFAs are expressions of her character, it would follow an infinite regress and is not defensible against indeterminism since Mele could claim that it was merely a matter of chance that she was born in that environment and family as opposed to another one that would presumably reconfigure her SFA.<\/p><p><br \/>Furthermore, I disagree with both Kane and Ginet regarding the common libertarian instinct to assume that LP threatens moral responsibility with respect to human actions. Consider this counterfactual example, Jordan who has never before considered buying a lottery ticket, one day in the spur of the moment without any torn decisions buys a winning lottery ticket. I am confident that he would endorse the outcome and take full responsibility for having purchased a winning ticket without having experienced a torn decision. From this example, I can agree with Ginet\u2019s noncausal libertarian account of free will that we do not need to have torn decisions in order to assume control over an action (pp.3, Ginet). We can still assume ownership and plural voluntary control even when we do not have full control over an outcome decided by even chance in this case. In this way, neither internal indeterminacy in the form of an SFA or determinism of any antecedent event precludes responsibility.<\/p><p><br \/>Lastly, since contra-causal value experiments cannot be empirically proven but can be evoked as a thought experiment, I propose an alternative thought experiment in which I call the God Principle (GP) to save SFA\u2019s in the face of indeterminism without negating moral responsibility. I believe the difference between P at t and P* at t would not be a matter of chance or luck but it would be the GP (can also be called God\u2019s Plan). Since we did not choose the contingent antecedent circumstances that formed our SFA\u2019s in the first place, our PVC is dependent on the ADC by way of the GP. Under the GP, we have quasi-freedom for while we are the actors and main characters in our stories, as I have shown, we are not the authors. By this view, neither determinism or indeterminism can limit one&#8217;s experience of choice or human action or jeopardize human responsibility for our actions. Most importantly, unlike the LP, we can avoid an infinite regress by affirming that human existence and experience is not an accident or a fluke but intentionally created with an ultimate purpose and plan. In other words, Divine supervenience is the ADC that is responsible for shaping and constraining our SFAs such that we cannot be assumed to be self-authors. The GP also provides both the necessary and sufficient reasons for human action and moral responsibility. We may not be able to control what happens in our lives, but we can control our attitudes towards it; we can narrate our actions for a better future.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c7144a elementor-widget elementor-widget-qi_addons_for_elementor_blockquote\" data-id=\"5c7144a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"qi_addons_for_elementor_blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-shortcode qodef-m qodef-qi-blockquote qodef-layout--top qodef--\">\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6a21a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6a21a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p>Works Cited<\/p><p>Kane, Robert. \u201cResponsibility, Luck, and Chance: Reflections on Free Will and Determinism.\u201d<\/p><p>Free Will, by Gary Watson, 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2003, pp. 299\u2013321.<\/p><p>Palmer, David. \u201cCan an Indeterministic Cause Leave a Choice Up to the Agent?\u201d Libertarian<br \/>Free Will Contemporary Debates, by Carl Ginet, Oxford University Press, 2015, pp. 1\u201313.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-556443b elementor-section-stretched qodef-elementor-content-grid elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"556443b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-598df47 qodef-sticky-column--no\" data-id=\"598df47\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13341dc e-con e-atomic-element e-flexbox-base\" data-id=\"13341dc\" data-element_type=\"e-flexbox\" data-e-type=\"e-flexbox\" data-interaction-id=\"13341dc\">\n    \t\t\t<h2 data-interaction-id=\"09be8e1\" class=\"e-heading-base\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-id=\"09be8e1\"><\/h2>\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who is writing the story of your life? This essay explores self-forming actions, free will, and moral responsibility, challenging readers to consider how everyday choices shape identity and whether authorship begins long before we realize we&#8217;re holding the pen.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-essay"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Self-Forming Actions &amp; Authorship - All Things Honey<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/allthingshoney.ca\/es\/essay\/myself-a-novel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Self-Forming Actions &amp; Authorship\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Who is writing the story of your life? 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